Uma certa imagem de um Mundo. Estereoscopia e educação visual no início do século XX — uma investigação a partir da coleção Pestalozzi (MIMO)

Abstract

 In the eighteenth century a new paradigm in education appeared, which became known under the name of visual education. In its origin are Pestalozzi’s ideas. This change in the structure of teaching and lecturing manners is closely linked to the foundation of a modern society based on technology as a means of access to knowledge, or «truth». This visual momentum found on photography and stereoscopy first, and on moving images later, the vehicles for educating generations of students, creating a visible relationship with the subjects that were addressed at classes. Visibility was regarded as equivalent to contact with the central object of the lesson, transforming the notion of illustration or document, and forgetting the technological mediation. Through the study of Pestalozzi collection, (158 stereo cards in deposit at the Museum of Moving Image of Leiria) by the Stereo Visual Culture Project (PTDC / IVC-COM / 5223/2012), and the teacher’s guides published along with Keystone View Co. educational collections, we intend to analyse the industrialisation of this new paradigm, and its influence in the creation of a hierarchical and systematic image of the world, supported by visual «evidence», with the intention of demonstrating a particular organisation of society and community.